CONN DISEASE Meaning and
Definition
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Conn's disease, also known as primary hyperaldosteronism or aldosterone-producing adenoma, is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by excessive production of the hormone aldosterone by the adrenal glands. Aldosterone plays a vital role in maintaining the balance of salt and water in the body. In Conn's disease, there is an abnormal and autonomous growth of the outer layer of the adrenal glands, leading to the overproduction of aldosterone.
This condition typically arises from the presence of a benign tumor or adrenal adenoma, which causes increased production of aldosterone. The excessive aldosterone secretion causes sodium retention and potassium excretion in the kidneys, resulting in higher blood pressure and low potassium levels in the blood. Common symptoms include fatigue, muscle weakness, excessive thirst, frequent urination, and high blood pressure that may be difficult to control.
Conn's disease is usually diagnosed through blood tests that measure aldosterone and renin levels, as well as imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) scans or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the adrenal glands. Treatment options include medications to control blood pressure and regulate electrolyte levels, such as aldosterone antagonists or potassium-sparing diuretics. If medication is not effective, surgical removal of the adrenal tumor may be necessary. With appropriate treatment, the prognosis of Conn's disease is generally favorable, and most individuals can achieve normal blood pressure and electrolyte balance. Regular follow-up visits and monitoring are vital to ensure the management of this condition.
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